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22 Answers
Sarah Weaver

Why is the speed of light also the coordinates for the great pyramid at Giza?

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Let us look at the basics:

C = 299,792,458 m/s

Coordinates of the Great Pyramid of Giza: 29.9792° N, 31.1342° E

The first problem we encounter is that the speed of light is in meters per second.

Why is this a problem?

Because the meter was defined - in 1795 - as 1/10,000,000th of the distance from the North Pole to the Equator through Paris. The Great Pyramid of Giza was constructed circa 2580–2560 BC, 2,200 years before the first europeans started settling in the area where the city of Paris would eventually be founded.

Even assuming that the builders of the Pyramid were aware of the correct size of the Earth AND the precise location on the north pole and the equator, there is no way of guaranteeing that they would come up with A) the exact positions of the north pole AND the equator calculated by the French (down to the meter), and B) the distance through the location where the city of Paris will be located 2,200 years in the future (they would more likely select a different longitude, probably closer to the Nile).

This means that even if the ancient Egyptians chose to use the meter (similar to the one defined in 1795), their meter would be different from our meter, so the measurement for the speed of light would have a different number.

To this we add that the ancient Egyptians defined time differently than we do in modern times: they DID split days and nights into divisions of twelve hours each, but these were based on the length of the day, which varied through the seasons, AND they did not divide hours into groups of 60 minutes/3,600 seconds.

Realistically, if they were inclined to calculate velocities in something like meters per second, it would be something like cubits per beat, which would certainly result in a number vastly different than that obtained by measuring by m/s.

Do you doubt this? Next time you drive down the highway, look at your speedometer: if you are traveling at 55 mph, you are also traveling at 88.5 kph, and 80.66 feet per second: Same velocity, different means of measuring it.

We have neatly shown why the m/s number is irrelevant: it is the result of a particular unit of distance and a particular unit of time. Now we have to look at a coordinate system: ours is based on 360° (° = degrees) of longitude (180° E ↔ 180° W) and 180° of latitude (90° N ↔ 90° S). Each degree is divided into 60 minutes (′) and each minute is divided into 60 seconds (″).

Got that? It is called a sexagesimal notation system and, surprisingly enough, was known by the ancient Egyptians who built the pyramids at Giza. We know this because the system was invented by the Ancient Sumerians a couple hundred years earlier, and the Egyptians divided days into four groups of six hours each.

Keep in mind that their smallest unit of time was the hour, which varied seasonally.

Still, let us assume, for purpose of this argument, that they did choose to use the same exact measurement system we use today for global coordinates; it is a safe bet that they will not select Greenwich (which would not be settled for at least another 2,500 years) as the Prime Meridian!

Memphis (no, not the one in Tennessee) would be a much better choice, being the location of the seat of power of the pharaohs of the sixth dynasty. Given that Memphis is located at 29°50′41″N, 31°15′3″E, it is easy to see that the Great Pyramid would NOT be assigned the same coordinates if Memphis were at 0°0′0″N.

So let us recap: Without our seconds, meters, sexagesimal coordinate system, and Greenwich as prime meridian, the numbers will be completely different.

I have not even addressed the issues of the inaccuracies present in the numbers presented in the meme, leaving those to someone else to crush.

Klee Irwin
Klee Irwin, Director at Quantum Gravity Research

Coincidences are not evidence. For example, if you throw 100 pennies in the air and they all land heads-up, you’d be a fairly bad physicist to conjecture that it is coincidence, since the odds are less than one out of a number greater than all the atoms in the universe. It is better to conjecture that this is not a coincidence and that it is instead evidence that the pennies are weighted or fake pennies with two sides that are both heads or any one of many other better theories than coincidence.

So I’m going to bring up facts that are poorly explained as coincidence and more logically the result of some underlying fundamental physics we do not yet understand

Here, we make some logical physical statements about the link between the golden ratio and the speed of light as we unify C, h and G under the Dirichlet integer based math we all suspect nature might use via the QSN. https://www.researchgate.net/pub...

We suggest that the magnitude of the speed of light itself is governed by the fundamental graph drawing theoretic ideas we’re developing here.

Now, the magnitude is one thing but the metric used is another.

It’s arbitrary, right? For example, the yard was based on the arm length of some European king. Then we switched that out for the approximation to the yard called the meter, right?

So the meter is not physically related to nature. It’s arbitrary.

Or is it?

Actually, there is a natural physical metric, which is the ratio of the closest two celestial bodies to us. The Earth and the Moon.

A φ (golden ratio) relation can be found when we compare the sizes of the Earth and Moon. This relationship can be seen best by stacking the moon on top of the Earth as shown in my diagram below. Next, setting the radius of the Earth to 1, the radius of Earth (at the poles) together with the radius of the Moon creates a right triangle as shown. One of the legs of this triangle is equal to 1 and the other is equal to the square root of φ, while the hypotenuse is equal to φ to an accuracy of 99.96%.

Now, this is a metric free value – a ratio, right?

We set the metric system to the distance from the North Pole to the Equator, right? So a non-arbitrary or physically related metric would be to use this Earth Moon ratio, right? So how would this relate to the meter? Well, it turns out that the metric system would be 99.99% of 1 if we use the

ratio. Calculate it yourself to see.

So, it then becomes at least intriguing when we realize that, when we use the meter, the Planck length is 1.6162x10^-35 m or 99.9% of φ x 10^-35.

Coincidence? Well, compounded coincidences are exponentially less likely than individual coincidences, right? Is there, then, another fundamental constant that would be so close to a Phi derivation? Yes, the fine structure constant, a, = 7.2974 x 10^-3 = φ^2/(2π) to an accuracy of 99.7%.

I once had a strong intuition to go to the central chamber in the Great Pyramid. So I went. And it turns out that the chamber is at a latitude of 29.792458, the significant digits of the fundamental constant, C, in the metric system 299,792,458 m/s?

Go ahead and use google maps and punch in the coordinate. You’ll get a coordinate that is a bit off the the apex of the pyramid. It was built with a sacred primary chamber in mind. So where is that relative to the 9 digits in the speed of light? It’s exact. This post software does not allow me to post the graphic image, so you’ll have to calculate it for yourself.

Now, is this too a coincidence or is there some better explanation that has something to do with the non-arbitrary dimensionless ratio I explained above of the Earth Moon relationship, since we know that the C is related to the golden ratio in the way we show in our paper? How would these ancient humans have known? I do not think they actually knew the value of the speed of light. I think that they were in non-local contact with humans or our speciated descendants from our future. It is not clear yet whether or not transtemporal communication is possible. It certainly DO NOT have to violate the speed of light, as we all know. Science does not yet understand the connection between the theory of space and time and the theory of quantum mechanics. We have no predictable quantum gravity theory yet. So it is ridiculous for someone to strongly argue that some full understanding will prohibit such things as transtemporal connections. In fact, we now know that we can separate two particles in time and manipulate one to create instant manipulation of the other in entangled transtemporal particle experiments. However, until a rigorous unification theory is found, we won’t like master this question or the technology that ensues. Our descendants will. Or us if we lie long enough to see the day. If our descendants could leave clues like this in the minds of ancient people who clearly (IMHO) did not know the physics we know today, why would they? Would it serve as clues for us about the golden ratio, since it is reasonable to say that golden ratio geometry exists in the Great Pyramid? And clues for whom? For us modern humans as we may be on the brink of discovering a predictive quantum gravity theory? But why not just send a signal to us and tell us the answers? Well, wouldn’t that be a paradox? I mean, don’t they only know what they know because we did some heard work back here to figure out some basic stuff, like the fundamental quantum gravity theory that may be discovered soon? Feedback loops are a core principle of everything. Physical patterns, such as tornadoes and countless other systems, decompose when one side of a feedback loop overly dominates the other side. So if everything turns out to be an entanglement network, e.g., Maldacena and Susskind’s ER = EPR, where everything emerges from the entanglement network, then information exchange like we’re talking about between past and future must be in gentle resonance. The future cannot give us the answers. The future can inspire the answers without going too far. Otherwise, paradoxes emerge and the co-creation past-future feedback loop breaks down. The very Planck scale substrate of the ER = EPR fabric of reality – the entanglement feedback loops – may break down.

If anyone is interested in learning more about emergence theory, the fundamental physics approach of a large team of physicists and mathematicians in Los Angeles at Quantum Gravity Research, see http://QuantumGravityResearch.org.

Philip Gibbs
Philip Gibbs, PhD Theoretical Physics

The answer is of course that it is a coincidence, but it is interesting that some of the reasons given to debunk this turn out to be equally wrong.

Some people point out that the coincidence of numbers relies on the speed of light being measured in meters per second and expressed in decimal. The meter is a modern unit and the ancient Egyptians are not known to have used seconds or even decimal counting. So doesn’t this alone make the observation nonsensical?

Actually it doesn’t. Remember that the meter was originally defined as one 10 millionth of the distance from the North Pole to the equator. Although this standard is no longer used, the meter remains almost exactly equal to that distance. How long ([math]T[/math]) would it therefore take light to travel from a latitude of 29.9792458°N to the equator following the curvature of the Earth? (Note that the modern standard for lat/lon is designed to equalise the distance between lines of latitude on the globe so we do not need to account for the oblate shape of the Earth) The distance in meters is

[math]D = 29.9792458/90 \times 10,000,000m[/math]

[math]T = D/c = D/299792458 = 1/90 s[/math]

So it would take light exactly one ninetieth of a second to travel from that latitude to the equator. The Egyptians did not use seconds but they obviously were familiar with days and this is therefore 1/(90 x 3600 x 24) days = 1/(360 x 360 x 60) days

I write the fraction in this form because the Egyptians were influenced by the Sumerians who at the time of the construction of the great pyramid used Sexagesimal rather than decimal numbers; i.e. base 60. The Egyptians also used fractions of 360 because they had a 360 day calendar.

If we could accept that somehow the ancient Egyptians knew the speed of light and could measure distances very accurately, then given their supposed like of numerology in building and placing the pyramids it would not be unreasonable to suppose that they positioned the great pyramid at a latitude where light would take this fractional length of a day to reach the equator. Who knows what secret lost mythology they could have used to justify this? The modern coincidence of coordinates and the speed of light in decimal is then just a reasonably natural result of our relatively recent choice of definitions of units which mix decimal for the meter, and the second whose length as a fraction of the day, and the degree whose size as a fraction of the circle, are both also legacies of Sumerian and Egyptian counting.

Of course the claim is still nonsense, but the point is that you can’t debunk it by talking about the units of measurement. It is also no good to point out that the actual latitude of the pyramids does not give 9-significant-figure accuracy—it’s more like 6—because 6 figures is still a one in a million coincidence and the actual latitude could even pinpoint some significant object inside the pyramid.

The correct way to debunk this is to firstly observe that it would be an extraordinary claim to say that the ancient Egyptians knew about the speed of light to such high precision (unless you think that Atlantis had modern technology that was lost or that the Pharaohs were in contact with aliens.) Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. A six-figure coincidence is not sufficiently extraordinary. This is particularly true because speculative propositions are being retrofitted to the observation of a numerical coincidence. If someone had worked out a theory that the pyramid should be at this latitude and subsequently looked up the actual position then it would be a much more impressive piece of evidence, but still not extraordinary enough to prove contact with aliens. If someone still finds the coincidence too much to accept it would be worth pointing out to whom numerous other landmarks at the same latitude. (It runs through the centre of New Orleans and Houston airport.)

The moral here is that if you are going to debunk something you must take care to do so correctly; otherwise someone will answer back and the people who believed the original claim will only have their belief strengthened as a result. In the case of alien visitations to ancient civilizations this is perhaps a little frivolous, but the same applies to any conspiracy theory, and some conspiracy theories are much more serious. For example this could include theories about who was secretly responsible for a military operation. Debunking is not a pastime to be taken lightly.

John P Benfield
John P Benfield, Innovation Professional

For the same reason that it’s also the coordinates to Alternative Energy Tech in Clay County Florida (Google Maps) . It’s also why the first 4 digits can be found in the 3709th position of pi and the last 5 can be found at position 1429. If you sum the individual digits (19 and 16) and subtract one from the other, you get three (as in the Holy Trinity or the number of diet sodas available at Arby’s)

We’re wired to see patterns where none exist. We’ll see faces in a piece of toast, animals in clouds and obscene sex acts in ink blots. Seeing these patterns is a holdover from when we needed to recognize that pattern of shadows as a potential predator waiting to eat us, a splash of color as a possible food source or when a pattern of (seemingly unrelated) behaviors gave us a survival advantage. Now that life is relatively easy, our brains have a bad habit of making inappropriate connections that provide no survival benefit. It’s why we see ghosts in the shadows, hear voices in noise, hear hidden messages in music, etc. We’re heavily biased to finding patterns and it’s very attractive/satisfying when we find one. (even when it’s unfounded/irrational)

David Caune
David Caune, Concert, Festival, Theatrical, Event Production

This "theory" ranks right up there with any grand mystical explanation of false equivalence.

  • The coordinates of the Great Pyramid at Giza are: 29.9792° N, 31.1344° E.
  • The speed of light in a vacuum is 299,792,458 m/s.
  • A metre was defined in 1793 A.D. as one ten-millionth of the length of the meridian passing through Paris from the pole to the equator.
  • The Great Pyramid of Giza was constructed around 2470 B.C.
  • The Egyptians used cubits as a unit of meaurement, not metres.
  • The Egyptians had no concept of the speed of light or a vacuum.
  • In any large group of numbers, a five(+) digit correlation is not unusual - it's as significant as people winning a lottery with their birthdate.
  • The correlation between the latitude of the Giza Pyramid and the first five to eight digits of the speed of light in m/sec is about as relevant as the Pyramid's digits of longitude (31.134) being so prevalent in Ukrainian Malware gangs' IP addresses - and about as meaningful.

The idea that the Egyptians had prior knowledge of measurement conventions, geography and physics from over four millennia later without understanding of any other intermediate concepts, plus kept it secret? An outrageous stretch.

It's drawing such a long bow - the bow breaks. Coincidence.

Samuel Lee
Samuel Lee, wonderer

There's another problem I'd like to point out: the North Pole, which is the reference point for latitude, and defined as the intersection point of the Earths surface and its axis of rotation, has been drifting since the Egyptians built the pyramids.

As you can see it has drifted by roughly 0.4 arc seconds (about 40 feet) in the last 100 years, and in the general direction of Greenwich.

Doing some napkin calculations… if you extrapolate that drift all the way back to the time of the pyramids 4500 years ago, you find that if they had tried to measure latitude the way we do now, they would have measured themselves at 29.99 N, not 29.98 (or 29.9792…).

In that case, it would be a far more likely (though still unlikely) theory that they were trying to put it at exactly 30.00 N (which would have been a cool 1/6 of the circumference of the Earth starting from the pole), rather than trying to match the speed of light in a way that would only make sense if they knew about base-10 numbering systems…